What are the insulating materials?

mica insulation sheets, also known as dielectric. It is the non-conductive material that can be used to prevent the current from passing through the insulating material. Commonly used insulating materials are: gas: such as air, sulfur hexafluoride and so on. EPGC203: including two categories, one is inorganic insulation materials, such as mica, asbestos, porcelain, glass, and the other is organic matter, such as paper, cotton yarn, wood, wood, Plastic and so on.

Main indicators affecting the performance of insulating materials:

(1), insulation resistance and resistivity
The resistance is the reciprocal of the conductance, and the resistivity is the resistance per unit volume. The smaller the conductivity of the material, the greater the resistance, the reciprocal relationship between the two, for the insulation material, always want the resistivity as high as possible. In order to improve the insulation performance.
(2), relative dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent
laminated compressed wood uses two: electrical network components of the mutual insulation and capacitor media (energy storage). The former requires a relatively small relative dielectric constant, which requires a relatively large relative dielectric constant, and both require dielectric loss tangent, especially in high frequency and high voltage applications of insulating materials, in order to make dielectric loss is small, are required to use Dielectric loss tangent small insulation material.
(3), breakdown voltage and electrical strength
In a strong electric field under the destruction of insulating materials, loss of insulation into a conductive state, known as breakdown. The breakdown voltage is called the breakdown voltage (dielectric strength). Electrical strength is the breakdown of the voltage between the voltage and the two electrodes subjected to the applied voltage under the specified conditions, that is, the breakdown voltage per unit thickness. For insulating materials, the general breakdown voltage, the higher the value of electrical strength
(4), tensile strength
Is the maximum tensile stress that the specimen is subjected to in the tensile test. It is the most widely used and tested test of the mechanical properties of insulating materials.
(5), flame resistance
Refers to the soldering frames in contact with the flame to resist combustion or leave the flame to prevent the ability to continue to burn, as well as long-term high temperature environment, anti-aging ability. With the increasing use of insulating materials, its flammability requirements are more important, people through various means to improve and improve the flame resistance of insulating materials. The higher the flame resistance, the better the safety.
(6), resistant to arc
Under the specified test conditions, the insulating material is resistant to the arc acting along its surface. Test the use of high voltage AC current, by high pressure between the two electrodes generated by the arc, so that the surface of the insulating material to form the conductive layer of the time required to determine the arc resistance of insulating materials. The greater the time value, the better the arc resistance.
(7), the degree of sealing
On the oil, water quality and other substances sealed isolation is better.

A material that allows the live body to be isolated from other parts. Commonly used solid materials are insulating sleeves, insulating paper, laminates, rubber, plastic, paint, glass, ceramics, mica and so on. Commonly used liquid materials are transformer oil. Gaseous materials in the air, nitrogen, sulfur hexafluoride and other use more. Society is using more anti static plastic sheet. Use and industry and life, the more common is the "electrical tape", "plastic", ceramics and so on. Are all insulating materials.
Insulation material: Resistivity of 109 ~ 1022 Ω · Cm of the material composition of the material in the electrical technology known as insulating materials, also known as dielectric. Simply say that the material is isolated from the charged body. Insulation material on the DC current has a very large resistance, under the action of DC voltage, in addition to a very small surface leakage current, in fact, almost non-conductive, and for the AC current capacitor current through, but also that is not Conductive. The greater the resistivity of the insulating material, the better the electrical insulating board. The following are the same as the "
Insulating materials are absolutely indispensable in electrical products. For example, a 300MW turbo generator requires 10t insulation, mica 8t, laminate 5t, lacquer and film about 1t; a 3200kW transformer insulation material required for its total quality of 34%; a 10kV high pressure The insulation required for the circuit breaker is 18% of its total. According to China's power generation equipment installed capacity and supporting electrical equipment, insulation materials, the average consumption of 65t / 10MW, which shows that insulation materials in the electrical equipment occupies a very large ratio.

Basically, electrical and electrical equipment are made of conductive materials, magnetic materials, insulating materials and unsaturated polyester glass mat sheet. In addition to insulating materials, the other is metal materials. Motor, electrical appliances in operation, inevitably subject to temperature, electricity, mechanical stress and vibration, harmful gases, chemicals, moisture, dust and radiation and other factors. These factors have a more pronounced effect on insulating materials than other materials. It can be said that the insulation material is more sensitive to these factors, easy to deteriorate deterioration, resulting in damage to electrical equipment. So the insulation material is to determine the motor, electrical operation reliability of the key material. With the continuation of running time, insulation materials must be aging, and its aging faster than other materials, so the choice of motor, electrical life of the key material is insulating material.
insulation transformer pressboard is a key factor in determining the technical and economic indicators of motor and electrical appliances. One of the important technical and economic indicators of the motor is the mass power ratio, that is, the kg / kw value. Reduce the ratio value, the motor is important. According to reports, from 1900 to 1967, 60 years, 1hp (0.75kW) motor quality from 40kg to 10kg, has been reduced to 6kg / kW level. An important reason for this change is the use of insulating materials with high heat resistance. Reduce the kg / kW value can save a lot of metal materials, reduce motor costs. Such as a A-class (105 ℃) motor with H-class (180 ℃) insulation, can reduce the volume of 30% to 50%, saving copper 20%, silicon steel sheet 30% to 50%, cast iron 25%. Of course, using the same model machine, with a higher temperature index insulation material, can improve the power or extend the life of the motor. From the electrical, electrical products, the cost of the situation, the cost of insulating materials in about half of these are that insulating materials in the electrical, electrical industry, the proportion occupied by the very large.

DMD insulation paper is one of the key factors to determine the technical and economic indicators of motor and electrical appliances. One of the important technical and economic indicators of the motor is the mass power ratio, that is, the kg / kw value. Reduce the ratio, the motor has important significance. It is reported that from 1900 to 1967, 1hp (0.75kW) motor quality from 40kg to 10kg, has now been reduced to 6kg / kW level. An important reason for this change is the use of insulating materials with high heat resistance. Reduce the kg / kW value can save a lot of bakelite electrical insulation board, reduce motor costs.
Such as a A-class (105 ℃) motor with H-class (180 ℃) insulation, can reduce the volume of 30% to 50%, saving copper 20%, silicon steel sheet 30% to 50%, cast iron 25%. Of course, using the same model machine, with a higher temperature index insulation material, can improve the power or extend the life of the motor. From the electrical, electrical products, the cost of the situation, the cost of insulating materials in about half of these are the insulating materials in the electrical, electrical industry, the status and role.

Development Trend of Insulation Materials

The development and development of NHN Insulation paper is one of the key factors affecting the development of electrical technology. From the future trend, the requirements of the development of high pressure, heat insulation, impact resistance, environmental insulation, composite insulation, corrosion resistance, water, oil, cryogenic, radiation and flame retardant materials, research and development of environmentally friendly energy-saving materials.
The focus is on the development of high-voltage generators for high-pressure epoxy mica glass cloth tape, such as FR5, phlogopite, etc .; small and medium-sized motor F, H-class insulation series, such as unsaturated polyester resin glass felt board; High-performance insulating oil; synthetic paper composite insulation; flame-retardant rubber and plastic materials and surface protection materials, and to actively promote the traditional use of sulfur hexafluoride gaseous medium; Replacement of insulation materials for electrical equipment.